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Japanese Spitz

Japanese Spitz

Tokyo's pure-white companion spitz, with 'noisy not permitted' written into its standard.

At a glance: The Japanese Spitz is a small companion spitz, 30–38 cm at the withers for dogs — the standard says only that bitches are 'slightly smaller', and gives no weight at all; breed literature puts the dog around 5–11 kg. The coat is the breed: profuse, pure white and stand-off, with a frill from the neck down over the forechest, short hair on the face and lower legs, and a feathered tail carried over the back. White is the only colour. The dog underneath was put together in Japan between the wars: the standard's history traces it to large white German Spitz brought over around 1920 via Siberia and north-east China, shown in Tokyo by 1921, then bred on with white spitz imported from Canada, the United States, Australia and China until about 1936. The Japan Kennel Club unified the standard in 1948, and the FCI recognised the breed definitively on 22 April 1964. In this catalog it sits between its lookalikes: well above a Pomeranian, about half a Samoyed, and a cousin-by-history of the American Eskimo Dog — the same white German Spitz root, developed on opposite sides of the Pacific.

Vital stats

SizeSmall · 30–38 cm (dogs); bitches 'slightly smaller' — the standard gives no female range
Weight5–11 kg — breed literature; the standard sets none
Life expectancy10–14 years — breed literature, not survey data
EnergyModerate — 30–60 minutes a day, plus play
SheddingHeavy in two seasonal blows, lighter in between
CoatProfuse stand-off double coat with a frill · pure white, the only colour allowed
GroupNon-Sporting · Asian Spitz (FCI №262, Group 5)
OriginJapan
FCI group5 — Spitz and primitive types · FCI 262

Breed traits

Friendliness

Affectionate with family
Good with children
Good with other dogs
Openness to strangers

Care

Shedding level
Grooming effort
General health
Drooling

Mind

Trainability
Energy level
Barking
Problem-solving

The Japanese Spitz by the numbers

The Japanese Spitz facts owners search for most — price, lifespan, weight, shedding and colours, in one place.

Price

Widely bred, so you can usually find a litter from a registered breeder without a long wait. Ongoing costs stay modest — it eats little and routine vet care sits at the lower end.

We don't quote a single figure: the real price swings with breeder, region, bloodline and health testing — and a rescue costs a fraction of a breeder's litter. Adopting is almost always the cheapest route.

Lifespan
10–14 years — breed literature, not survey data
Weight
5–11 kg — breed literature; the standard sets none
Size
Small · 30–38 cm (dogs); bitches 'slightly smaller' — the standard gives no female range
Shedding
Heavy in two seasonal blows, lighter in between
Colours
Profuse stand-off double coat with a frill · pure white, the only colour allowed

Temperament

The standard's whole temperament clause is eight words: 'Intelligent, cheerful, keen in sense. Noisy not permitted.' That last part is the surprise — a small spitz bred against yapping, with noisiness and shyness both listed among the faults. In the home that reads as a bright, affectionate dog that wants to be where its people are, learns quickly, and takes well to children, other dogs and even cats when socialised early. It still watches the door: breed literature describes a dog that announces strangers and then warms up, and how short the announcement stays depends on training and on how much of its day you fill. Left bored, it finds its voice like any spitz.

Breed fact: FCI standard No. 262 — Group 5, Section 5 Asian Spitz and related breeds, without working trial, origin Japan; recognised on a definitive basis on 22 April 1964, with the official valid standard published in 1987 and the English edition dated 16 June 1999.

Habits & quirks

One colour, two words

The standard's colour section reads, in full: 'Pure white.' No cream, no biscuit shading, no markings. Against that white, the standard asks for black — nose, lips, eye rims, and desirably the pads and nails too.

The quiet spitz

'Noisy not permitted' sits in the temperament clause, and noisiness appears again under faults. Breeders have selected against the yap for decades; a well-bred, well-occupied one alerts and then stops.

Dirt doesn't stick

Owners' standing claim, and grooming guides back it: let mud dry and it brushes out of the stand-off coat. The face, ears, fronts of the forearms and lower hind legs are short-haired by standard, which keeps the messiest parts easy.

Tail on the back, ears up

The outline is non-negotiable: a tail not carried on the back is a disqualifying fault, and so are drop ears. Even a strongly curled tail is faulted — the feathering should lie over the back, not corkscrew.

Care

Exercise30–60 minutes a day plus play covers it. The standard files this as a companion dog, quick and active on the move — walks, garden games and trick training suit it better than a working breed's mileage.
GroomingA thorough weekly brush, switching to daily for a few weeks during the two seasonal blows, when the undercoat leaves in handfuls. Bathe rarely and never clip: the stand-off coat releases dry dirt on its own and insulates against heat as well as cold.
TrainingQuick to learn and keen to work with its people. Teach quiet early all the same — an under-occupied one appoints itself doorbell — and socialise young so watchfulness with strangers stays polite. Shyness is a fault in this breed, not a temperament.
HealthA generally sound small breed with no breed-wide health survey. Patellar luxation is the joint to ask breeders about; runny eyes with tear staining are common enough to be a breed talking point, and a small jaw makes dental care matter.

How much should I feed a Japanese Spitz? →

Life expectancy

This breed has a typical life expectancy of 10–14 years — breed literature, not survey data.

Similar breeds

Breeds with a similar build and background — worth a look if this one isn't quite the fit.

Breeds that look like this

Find a Japanese Spitz breeder in Italy →

Common questions

Is a Japanese Spitz a small Samoyed?

No — and not a big Pomeranian or a renamed American Eskimo Dog either, though all four wear white-spitz looks. The standard's own history traces this breed to large white German Spitz brought to Japan around 1920, bred on with white spitz imported from Canada, the US, Australia and China; Japan unified the type in 1948 and the FCI recognised it in 1964. Size settles most doubts: at 30–38 cm it stands well below a Samoyed and well above a Pomeranian.

Are they yappy like other small spitz?

The standard is unusually blunt about this: 'Noisy not permitted', with noisiness listed again among the faults. Breeders select against the yap, and a well-bred, well-occupied Japanese Spitz announces a visitor and stops. It is still a watchful little dog — bored and undertrained, it will find its voice.

How hard is it to keep the coat white?

Easier than it looks. The stand-off coat lets dried dirt brush out, so routine care is one thorough weekly session rather than constant bathing — frequent baths actually work against the coat. The real bill arrives twice a year, when the undercoat blows and daily brushing takes over for a few weeks.

Does the Japanese Spitz shed a lot?

Yes — the Japanese Spitz is a heavy shedder, dropping hair year-round or in big seasonal moults. Brush it several times a week and expect regular vacuuming; it isn't the coat for you if loose fur is a dealbreaker.

Is the Japanese Spitz hypoallergenic?

Not really. No dog is truly hypoallergenic, and the Japanese Spitz's shedding coat releases plenty of the dander that sets off allergies. If someone at home is allergic, this isn't the easiest breed to live with — spend time around one first.

Is the Japanese Spitz good with children?

Generally yes. The Japanese Spitz is a friendly, people-loving breed that usually does well with children when raised and socialised well. As with any dog, teach children to be gentle and supervise around toddlers.

Is the Japanese Spitz easy to train?

Yes. The Japanese Spitz is one of the more trainable breeds — quick to learn and keen to work with you, which makes reward-based training straightforward. Start early, keep it positive, and it picks things up fast.

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