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East Siberian Laika

East Siberian Laika

The tallest laika, black and tan out of the taiga east of the Yenisei, and the only one its standard calls kind.

At a glance: The East Siberian Laika works the taiga and the mountain forest east of the Yenisei, and it stands taller than either of its cousins: 57–64 cm for dogs and 53–60 for bitches, against 55–62 for the West Siberian and 52–58 for the Russian-European. Its own standard still opens by calling it a dog of medium size, strong and compactly built, with a head described as rather big and very strong, forming an equilateral triangle seen from above. The measurements carry the argument instead. It is the longest-cast of the three, with an index of format of 100/104–109 in dogs and 100/106–111 in bitches, and its elbow sits at exactly half the height at the withers, where the West Siberian's sits a little above half. Colour is where the breed announces itself: black and tan leads the standard's list of typical colours, ahead of black, black and white, white and piebald, and Russian breed writing calls that black-and-tan pattern karamis. The breed grew out of Tungus, Yakut, pre-Baikal and pre-Amur laikas, took breed status in 1947 and a provisional standard in 1949, and then waited until 1981 for a final one, by which time the FCI had already recognised it. That long delay is the honest signature of the breed: eastern Siberia is enormous, its native dogs were never uniform, and the standard's own history admits the type was still being consolidated with foundation stock brought into the Irkutsk region.

Vital stats

SizeLarge · 57–64 cm (dogs), 53–60 cm (bitches)
Weight18–29 kg — breed literature; the standard sets none, and sources disagree
Life expectancy12–15 years — breed literature, not survey data
EnergyVery high — a big-game taiga hunter; two hours of outdoor work a day
SheddingHeavy, with two seasonal blows
CoatHarsh straight topcoat over a soft woolly undercoat, with collar and side-whiskers · black and tan, black, black and white, white or piebald
GroupHound · Nordic Hunting Dogs (FCI №305, Group 5)
OriginCentral and East Siberia, Russia
FCI group5 — Spitz and primitive types · FCI 305

Breed traits

Friendliness

Affectionate with family
Good with children
Good with other dogs
Openness to strangers

Care

Shedding level
Grooming effort
General health
Drooling

Mind

Trainability
Energy level
Barking
Problem-solving

The East Siberian Laika by the numbers

The East Siberian Laika facts owners search for most — price, lifespan, weight, shedding and colours, in one place.

Price

Less common, so expect a waitlist and some travel to a reputable breeder — which pushes the price up. Plan for steady ongoing costs — mid-range food, routine vet care and insurance.

We don't quote a single figure: the real price swings with breeder, region, bloodline and health testing — and a rescue costs a fraction of a breeder's litter. Adopting is almost always the cheapest route.

Lifespan
12–15 years — breed literature, not survey data
Weight
18–29 kg — breed literature; the standard sets none, and sources disagree
Size
Large · 57–64 cm (dogs), 53–60 cm (bitches)
Shedding
Heavy, with two seasonal blows
Colours
Harsh straight topcoat over a soft woolly undercoat, with collar and side-whiskers · black and tan, black, black and white, white or piebald

Temperament

Steady, balanced temperament opens the character clause, and then the text does something neither of the other laika standards does: it asks for a dog that is friendly, kind and trustful towards people, and lists slight intolerance to people as a severe fault, one rung below being sent out of the ring. The working lines sit in the same paragraph. A very well developed sense of scent, a pronounced passion for hunting and especially for larger prey, and four words that decide how the dog lives: very independent when hunting. Around the house it is the easiest company of the three, slow to take offence, uninterested in announcing the postman, happy to sleep through an evening. On a track it stops consulting you, and that is not a training failure. A dog holding a moose or a bear in mountain forest has to make decisions the hunter, several hundred metres behind, cannot make for it. Owners and breeders also describe a long adolescence, with the settled adult character arriving later than in the smaller laikas.

Breed fact: FCI standard No. 305 — Group 5, Section 2 Nordic Hunting Dogs, with working trial, origin Russia; the text in force was published on 13 October 2010 and English is its official language. The FCI accepted the breed on a definitive basis on 3 June 1980, a year before its final Soviet standard was approved in 1981. The standard's history section places the dog in two countries' worth of range at once: widespread in its native Central and East Siberian areas, and holding what the text calls a vast population in European Russia, chiefly the Leningrad, Smolensk and Tver regions and part of the Moscow region. It adds that the breed is appreciated in Scandinavia.

Habits & quirks

Karamis leads the colour list

Black and tan comes first among the typical colours, ahead of black, black and white, white and piebald, and Russian breed writing has its own name for that pattern: karamis. Slight specks in shades of the main colour are allowed on the legs. Genetic brown, genetic blue, brindle and albino all disqualify.

Biggest of the three, officially medium

Dogs measure 57–64 cm and bitches 53–60, the tallest figures in the Nordic hunting laikas, and the standard describes a dog of medium size with strong and compact build. More than 2 cm outside those heights is a severe fault, so the size is meant to be read strictly even where the wording is loose.

The tail rule loosens up

Curled or sickle-shaped over the back is the ideal, and then the standard accepts a sickle tail carried clear of the back, or even semi-dropped. The Russian-European standard grants no such latitude. A natural stumpy tail still puts the dog out of the ring here, as it does there.

A sled dog that got reclassified

Before the 1940s the native laikas of eastern Siberia hauled sledges, herded reindeer and hunted, often the same dog through one winter. Soviet cynology then sorted dogs by specialisation and kept the hunting laika, which is why the breed the FCI registers is a hunting dog for all-round purposes and nothing else, and why the sled work survives only in breed literature.

Health

This is a functional dog from a large native population, with no breed health survey to cite anywhere, so screening rests on the individual breeding rather than a scheme. Litters outside Russia and Scandinavia come from a thin import base, so ask how many dogs actually stand behind the pedigree, and ask to see hips and eyes screened on both parents. One practical caution comes with the coat: a harsh topcoat over a dense woolly undercoat is built for the taiga, not for a hot afternoon, so watch this dog carefully in the heat and give it shade and water. Published weights run anywhere from roughly 16 to 30 kg depending on the source, a fair measure of how loosely the breed is documented outside its home range.

Nutrition

ExerciseTwo hours of outdoor work a day, in country with cover in it. The standard describes normal movement as a far-reaching trot alternating with gallop or walking pace, which is a dog designed to be out for half a day rather than half an hour. Scent games, tracking, long hill walks, skijoring and carting all fit the frame, and so does hunting where it is legal. Cold and distance suit it far better than a small garden and a short lead.
GroomingA harsh straight outer coat over a soft, rich, woolly undercoat, short and shining on the head and ears, longer over neck and shoulders as a collar, with side-whiskers on the cheekbones and trousers at the rear. One thorough brushing a week handles the settled months. Twice a year the undercoat comes away in sheets over a fortnight or so, and a rake earns its keep. Clippers never touch it: coat too short, coat too long, or no undercoat at all, and the dog is disqualified.
TrainingThe friendly, trustful character makes the first six months pleasant, and the very independent when hunting clause makes the next ten years interesting. It takes handling well and learns quickly, then applies its own judgement in the field, which is exactly what generations of hunters selected for. Short reward-based sessions, and a long line kept well into the second year, because this breed matures slowly and its recall usually gets worse before it gets better. A stop cue for the voice belongs on the early list, since the barking is a working signal rather than a nuisance to erase.
HealthA functional dog from a large native population, with no breed health survey to cite anywhere. Litters outside Russia and Scandinavia come from a thin import base, so ask how many dogs actually stand behind the pedigree, and ask to see hips and eyes screened on both parents. Published weights run from roughly 16 kg to 30 kg depending on which reference you open, which is a fair measure of how loosely the breed is documented outside its home range.

A big-game taiga hunter built to be out for half a day burns serious fuel when it's working and far less on a quiet week, so feed to the actual workload rather than a fixed amount. Weigh the meals, count the training treats in the day's total, and aim for a lean, hard dog with ribs you can feel under that heavy double coat — easy to miss under all that hair, so go by feel, not by eye. Published weights for the breed disagree wildly, which is all the more reason to feed the dog in front of you and not a number from a chart.

How much should I feed an East Siberian Laika? →

Puppy guide

An East Siberian Laika puppy grows up slowly — owners and breeders describe a long adolescence, with the settled adult character arriving later than in the smaller laikas — so plan for a long runway rather than a quick finish. The written character is the friendliest of the three laikas, so make the most of it: socialise widely, keep sessions short and rewarding, and start a long-line recall early, because this is a hunting breed whose recall usually gets worse before it gets better. Small pets register as game to this dog, so manage those introductions from the start and give the nose and legs real daily work.

Read the full new-puppy checklist →

Training

The friendly, trustful character makes the first six months pleasant, and the 'very independent when hunting' clause makes the next ten years interesting. It handles well and learns quickly, then applies its own judgement in the field — exactly what generations of hunters selected for, and not something training removes. Keep sessions short and reward-based, keep a long line on well into the second year, and teach a stop cue for the voice early, since the barking is a working signal rather than a nuisance to erase. Recall is the lifelong project; everything else comes easily by comparison.

More on reward-based recall training →

Life expectancy

East Siberian Laikas live 12–15 years — breed literature, not survey data. The East Siberian Laika is a hardy, functional breed from a large working population, and you keep it sound for the long haul with the basics: a lean, hard weight, two hours of real outdoor work a day, care in the heat for that heavy double coat, and a breeder who screens hips and eyes and can show real depth behind the pedigree. The years quoted come from breed literature rather than a survey, so read them as a guide.

Similar breeds

Breeds with a similar build and background — worth a look if this one isn't quite the fit.

Breeds that look like this

Common questions

How is it different from the West Siberian and Russian-European Laikas?

Three Russian breeds in the same section, all accepted by the FCI on the same day in June 1980: Russian-European 304, East Siberian 305, West Siberian 306. This one is the tallest and the longest in body, the only one whose standard lists black and tan as a typical colour, and the only one whose character clause asks for a dog friendly, kind and trustful towards people. It is also the least uniform. Breed literature still separates Evenki and Irkutsk types, with Yakut, Amur and Tofalar strains behind them, which is why the final standard took until 1981 while the other two were settled in 1952. The Russian-European is the compact black-and-white treeing specialist from west of the Urals; the West Siberian is the leggier grey-to-red dog of the Ob basin and the most numerous laika in Russia.

What does it hunt?

The standard says hunting dog for all-round purposes, with a pronounced passion for hunting and especially for larger prey, and that emphasis on size is unique to this one among the three. In Siberian practice the same dog works sable, squirrel, marten and forest grouse for fur and the pot, and then bays moose, boar and bear. The method is the family method, finding game by scent and holding it with voice, but the standard's own wording expects it to be pointed at the heavy end more often than its cousins are.

Can it live in a family home?

More easily than either cousin, and still not easily. The written character is the friendliest of the three, it is patient with children in its own household, and it treats visitors as unremarkable rather than as a problem. The costs are unchanged: two hours of outdoor work a day, a voice built to carry across a valley, small pets that register as game, and a hunting independence that the standard actively asks for and no amount of training removes. It also grows up slowly, so the adolescent stage lasts longer than new owners expect.

Does the East Siberian Laika shed a lot?

Yes — the East Siberian Laika is a heavy shedder, dropping hair year-round or in big seasonal moults. Brush it several times a week and expect regular vacuuming; it isn't the coat for you if loose fur is a dealbreaker.

Is the East Siberian Laika hypoallergenic?

Not really. No dog is truly hypoallergenic, and the East Siberian Laika's shedding coat releases plenty of the dander that sets off allergies. If someone at home is allergic, this isn't the easiest breed to live with — spend time around one first.

Is the East Siberian Laika easy to train?

Reasonably. The East Siberian Laika is trainable with consistency and rewards, though it isn't the quickest study. Keep sessions short and positive, and be patient with the basics like recall.

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